Stencil-sheet.



E. A. COX.

STENCIL SHEET.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.B, 1909.

1,066,585. I Patented July 8, 1913.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN A. COX, OF IRVINGTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE ROTOSPEEDCOMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

STENCIL-SHEET.

1 ,ooc,ss5.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 8, 1913.

To a?! whom 1'1 mull concern:

lie itknown that I, EDWIN A. Cox, of Irvington, in the county of Essex,in the State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements inStencil-Sheets, of which the following, taken in connection with theaccompanymgdrawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in stencil sheetsinvolving the use of the usual waxed sheet in which printed matter isadapted to be cut in a typewriting machine and afterward placed in asuitable duplicating machine for reproducing the typewritten work.

Some of the special features of my improved stencil render itparticularly useful in connection with the duplicating machine formingthe subject matter of my pending application No. 47 1,70 1, filedJanuary 11, 1909, while other features have a general ap plication toany stencil adapted to be used in any one of the duplicating machinesnow in common use. For example one of the specific objects of my presentinvention is to provide one end of the wax sheet with a loop oroverturned fold for the reception of an attaching strip or bar of metal,wood, celluloid, card-board or other equivalent mate rial constituting aretainer by which one or bot-h ends of the stencil may be retained in myduplicating machine referred to.

Another object is to utilize the overturned edge of the loop or fold asa means for determining the minimum head-space to be left on the stenciland also 011 the sheets which are printed by the duplicating machine.

A further object is to associate with the wax sheet suitable protectivetissues arranged in such manner as to not only obviate the liability offilling up the type with wax, but also to avoid entirely cuttin out ormutilating the loop letters, such as e, 0, a, g and the like, as isinvariably the case when the usual sin le wax retaining sheet is aloneemployed. in other words I have sought to arrange these protectivetissues so that when the stencil is cut by the type and the tissuesremoved preparatory to placing the stencil in the duplicating machine,the

characters in the stencil will remain intact and reproduce the copies inthe duplicating machine as nearly hke the original typewritten matter asmay be possible.

A still further object is to utilize one of the protective sheets forshowin up to the o erator the matter which has con cut in t 1e stencilby the type or for the purpose of bringing previously printed or copiedmatter to which other matter is to be added, in alinement therewith bycutting such additional matter in the stencil for reproduction in the dulicating machine.

Other 0 jects and uses will be brought out in the following description.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of myimproved stencil blank preparatory to being cut in a type writingmachine. Fig. 2 1s a fragmentary view of a portion of a waxed stencilsheer, after being cut, showing the protective tissues removed and theretaining bar in th loop ready to be inserted in the duplicatingmachine. Fig. 3 is a slightly modified form of a fragmentary portion ofa stencil sheet showing the wax sheet and protective tis sues as claspedtogether at one end and inserted in a suitable fold in one end of thebacking sheet, the edge of the fold serving in this instance todetermine the minimum head space to be left on the printed sheets. Fig.4 is an end view of a portion of the drum or laten of a duplicatingmachine showing t e manner of attaching the stencil sheet thereto. Fig.5 is an edge view of a portion of the transfer tissue.

Tn Fig. 1, I have shown a wax retaining sheet --1 of suitable dimensionshaving one end folded over upon itself forming a loop 2- in which isadapted to be inserted a comparatively stifi' strip or bar --3- ofmetal, wood, celluloid, card-board or other equivalent material capableof be ing inserted edgewise with the end of the wax sheet thereon into asuitable retaining groove 41 on the platen --5 of a duplicating machinefor effectively holding the wax sheet in place upon said platen. Theoverturned end, as 2', of the wax retaining sheet extends some distancebeyond the loop -2- and is secured adhesively or in other suitablemanner to the main body with its edge disposed at substantially rightangles to the longitudinal edges of the sheet to form an indicator linewhich determines the minimum head space to be left in printmg. i

In cutting the wax sheet in a typewriting machine, I prefer to employbacking sheet 6 and protective tissues 7 and -8-, said backing sheet andtissues being practically co-extensive with the area of the waxretaining sheet. The backing sheet -6 1s preferably made of somemediumheavy paper or card-board and is usually interposed between thewax sheet and platen of.

the typewriting machine so as to afford a comparatively hard and smoothbacking for the stencil proper to assure a more perfect cutting of thestencil blank. The sheet -7, adjacent to the front face of the waxretaining sheet, consists of a porous fiber tissue commonly known asyoshino which is thin but tough while the sheet 8 which is broughtnearest the type in the stencil cutting machine and which may be termedthe type sheet, is of close made tissue. These two tissues take theplace of and are substantially equal in thickness to the thickness ofthe displaced ribbon in the operation of cutting the stencil and serveto prevent the wax from filling up the type and at the same time protectthe 100 letters from being cut out altogether. This makes a more perfectstencil capable of producing a better imitation of typewriting in theduplicating ma--' preferably coated or saturated with a copy ink orother medium 7- capable of trans-.

ferring the impressions made by the type from the transfer sheet to theadjacent face of the type tissue 8 which, being more or less transparentand always in view, enables the operator to read the matter cut in thestencil and thereby detect any errors before the stencil is removed fromthe machine. This operation of correcting errors may be ,convenientlydone by simply lifting the separable tissue sheets from the waxretaining sheet sufficiently to expose the error in the stencil andpermit such error to' be obliterated and afterward re-cut in the usualmanner.

An entire combination of sheets may be alined and temporarily heldtogether preparatory to being inserted in the cutting machine and duringthe operation of making the stencil by a suitable binding strip -9- ofmetal, celluloid, card-board or other similar thin but comparativelystiff material folded over upon itself so as to clasp between theopposite sides the head ends of said sheets. This folded strip -9- mayalso be used to clasp the head ends of the wax retaining sheet andtissues, as shown in Fig. 3 during the stencil cutting operation andafterward by tearing oflt' the tissues the same strip may be used as aretaining bar adapted. to be inserted in the groove 4' to hold one endof the wax stencil in the duplicating machine. a

The folded strip -9', shown in Fig. 1,

is practically the same as that shown in Fig. 3, except that in Fig. 1,one side of the fold is left open for the reception of the head end ofthe backing sheet -6, while in Fig. 3, I have shown a backing sheet 6'-as having its head end folded over upon itself and upon the folded strip9 forming a flap 10. The free edge of this flap, like the folded end ofthe wax sheet 1, is straight transversely and determines the minimumhead'space which isto be left in the copy.

In some instances the stencil method of printing is merely used incombination with press printed matter, the latter being common to anynumber of sheets while the former may. require indefinite-modification,for example, in making out price lists the names of the articles may betabulated in an ordinary press while the prices (more or less:fluc'tuating) are left blank and require filling in. In such cases afac-simile, of the printed matter common to all of the lists is madefrom the printing press copy on to the back of a type tissue, either bycopying direct from the original print or by treating the printing inkwith a suitable chemical which will render it transferable 'on to thetype tissue after which this type 0 tissue is placed in the combinationfor the stencil and the entire stencil placed in the typewriting machinewhere the prices opposite their respective items. may be readilycut inthe stencil in exact a-linement, and 5 then the stencil may be used toprint the prices on the press sheets in the duplicating machine in theusual manner for duplicatmg.

In placing the stencil upon the platen 5+ of the duplicating machinethe. loop end or head 2 of the wax sheet with the bar 3 therein .isinserted edgewise, in the manner described, 1n the groove 4,

the remaining portions of the stencil being wrapped around the platenagainst a suitable pad 11 thereon and its opposite end is wrapped arounda bar 3-' similar to the bar 3 and then inserted edgewise in a similargroove 4= in the opposite 130 side of the platen as clearly shown inFig. 4.

The use of the porous fiber and type protecting tissues, arranged asdescribed, between the wax sheet and type when in the cutting machineproduces an impression in the wax to more clearly imitate typewrittenmatter when reproduced in the duplicating machine, otherwise the letterscut would leave a sharp impression in the wax and not resemble ribbonwork. The front tissue 13) 8- serves to prevent the ,wax from enteringand filling up the type of the cutting machine while the fiber sheet 7,being more or less porous, allows the wax cut from the stencil to enterand to adhere to the same and at the same time cushions the blow of thetype and renders the type tissue less liable to puncture.

In placing the stencil in the cutting ma chine the head ends of thesheet are temporarily bound together by the clasp -9- which has theeffect of lining up the sheets one with the other whereupon the sheetsare then inserted in the usual manner, head first, into the machine withthe backing 6 next to the platen and the protective "issue 8 next to thetype. During the cutting of thestencil the impressions made in the waxare transferred by the copying tissue 7 to the adjacent face oftheprotective tissue --8-, thereby imprinting a proof of the work uponsaid protective tissue which proof may be easily read during theprogress of the work and if any correction is necessary the loose endsof the tissues may be readily separated from the wax sheet and the errorobliterated and corrected without displacing any of the sheets from themachine. By.this method I am enabled to preserve the exact alinement ofthe sheets throughout the cutting of the stencil so that before thestencil is removed from the machine the accuracy of the work may beassured. After the stencil has been removed from the cutting machinepreparatory to placing it in the duplicating machine the backing sheetand tissues may be readily removed from the wax stencil sheet and thelatter inserted in the duplicatingmachine in the manner previouslydescribed.

What I claim is:

1. In combination with a wax retaining stencil sheet, a backing sheet ofstiffer material across the back of the wax retaining sheet, a porouspaper fiber sheet across the front of the wax retaining sheet and havingits front face coated with a transfer substance, and a type protectivepaper tissue sheet across the coated surface of the porous sheet.

2. In combination with a wax retaining stencil sheet, a backing sheet ofstiffer material across the back of the wax retaining sheet, a porouspaper fiber sheet across the front of the wax. retaining sheet andhaving its front face coated with a transfer substance, and a typeprotective paper tissue sheet across the coated surface of the poroussheet, one of said sheets having an upper straight edge folded over apredetermined distance to determine the minimum amount of head space tobe left in the copy.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand on this second day ofOctober 1909.

EDWIN A. COX. Witnesses:

F. A. RYERsoN, ALFRED S. CHAPMAN.

